This is a really good video about cults (something it’s good to know about in 2020) and the narcissism and sociopathy inherent in cult leaders. The parallels to Trump and the Trump administration are uncanny.
Please leave comments on the original post.
Although Donald Trump does not have an official diagnosis of a personality disorder, many mental health experts believe him to have some combination of Narcissistic Personality Disorder, Antisocial Personality Disorder (sociopathy), and Paranoid Personality Disorder. When these disorders appear together in the same person, we call it malignant narcissism.
Malignant narcissism is different from garden variety NPD in that, due to the presence of ASPD, the person very often has a blatant disregard for the law or the rights of others. There is also an element of paranoia, which lends itself to a toxic belief in conspiracy theories and a belief everyone is against them. The malignant narcissist will often seek retribution or revenge on others they believe have wronged them. Often, they are sadistic and actually enjoy inflicting pain on others (I believe Trump is one of these). Garden variety narcissists are toxic and usually unpleasant to be around, and they can certainly be abusive if you are unlucky enough to have to live with or be in close contact with one, but unless they are also malignant, they aren’t necessarily sadistic or likely to engage in criminal or deliberately cruel behavior. A few might even have selective empathy, though their “empathy” could just be an act to get what they want. A malignant narcissist has no empathy and no conscience, and they cannot change.
Donald Trump certainly appears to be a malignant narcissist, based on what he says and does. The Dark Triad is another term for this combination of dangerous disorders. Trump seems to have all 9 traits of NPD (per DSM IV, which I prefer to DSM V), and most or all of the traits of ASPD. He also has some traits of PPD. While most mental health professionals still stand by The Goldwater Rule and refuse to give Trump a formal diagnosis, some are so certain that he is a malignant narcissist that they chose to disregard this tradition due to the clear and present danger they believed Trump posed to the country and the world. They believed it was their duty to warn others. Their conviction resulted in a book that was published early in Trump’s presidency called “The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump,” a compilation of essays by 27 psychologists and psychiatrists describing what makes Trump so dangerous and which serves as a warning of the existential danger of a Trumpian future.
Due to this book, as well as a number of other well known people, books, and groups openly discussing Trump and his likely personality disorder has broadened the reach of the narcissistic abuse community and made terms such as gaslighting, NPD, narcissism, and blame shifting household words. We are all victims of narcissistic abuse under this man. Before Trump, the concept of narcissistic abuse wasn’t well known outside of the online narcissistic abuse community. That is no longer the case, so in a way, Trump has indirectly helped to educate the world about narcissism and the suffering and chaos it can create in relationships, families, countries, and the world.
This article I’ve linked to doesn’t describe Trump’s narcissism so much as it explains how someone like Trump could rise to power and infect an entire country with his pathology. A Trump (or a Hitler or a Stalin or a Duterte or a Bolsonaro) cannot rise to power without the cooperation and encouragement of a sizable segment of the populace who can relate to or share Trump’s rage or even his pathology, and a political environment that is rife for someone like Trump. The United States, a country that has rewarded narcissism and selfishness and punished empathy in recent years (a good example is Border Patrol police arresting Good Samaritans who left food and water in the desert for migrants), was a Petri dish for someone like Trump. He could not have risen to power forty or fifty years ago or even twenty or thirty years ago, when the idea of the greater good and the values of democracy were still the rule, not the exception, in the top tiers of of government. Trump isn’t the cause of our downfall, but he is the glaring sympton of a desperately sick society and is certainly helping to fan the flames of destruction. We can either address the problems that led to a demagogue like Trump, and fix the things that made us so sick, or we can ignore the warning siren and fall even deeper into the abyss of fascism.
The only issue I have with this article (and it’s a small one) is that I’m pretty sure more than 1% of the population (at least in America) suffers from NPD. But as a society that rewards narcissistic behavior and punishes compassion, it might just seem that way, as such a society encourages even non-disordered people to emulate the traits of narcissism.
Unpacking Donald Trump’s Psychopathology Helps Explain the Toxic Reality Facing America
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Further Reading:
Narcissistic Abuse in Trumpistan
We Need a Lot More Awareness About Narcissism and Psychopathy
Trump’s Personality Disorder Brings Out the Worst in Everyone
Article by Umair Haque, on Medium
Originally posted on January 9, 2017
The Internet is a great thing for a lot of reasons, but for victims of narcissistic abuse, it’s probably the first time in our lives we ever had a voice, and would be listened to and believed. There are hundreds and probably even thousands of blogs and websites for people who have been victims of narcissistic abuse, either by their families, or at the hands of an abusive spouse, boss, lover, or friend.
The Internet has given us a voice, so now we can not only read and comment on the stories of others who have suffered similar experiences, we can also start our own blogs where we can talk about our own abuse. Before the Internet, who would listen to us, much less believe us? More than likely, we’d be told, “oh, of course your mother/father loves you,” or “Oh, I’m…
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Below is a link to a really good and informative article from Psychology Today about sociopaths and psychopaths,* and the devastation and misery they leave in their wake, both in personal or familial relationships, and on a much larger, societal level.
This article explains how to detect them. While only 4 percent of the population suffers from Antisocial Personality Disorder (sociopathy and psychopathy) , a larger portion (up to 15%) are situational sociopaths or psychopaths. This is explained in more depth in the article.
A malignant narcissist is a person with both Narcissistic Personality Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder. This combination of personality disorders is especially devastating because of the already conscienceless person’s insatiable need for adulation and approval. When narcissistic supply is abundant, instead of satiating the person and making them act more pleasant, as you might think, they become “drunk” on the ego “fuel.” This phenomenon is evident in Donald Trump, who, feeling victorious and vindicated after the Barr’s summary of the Mueller Report stated he did not collude with Russia to win the election, became “drunk on power” and his cruelty, gaslighting, lies, and unreasonable demands actually got worse.
7 Characteristics of the Modern Psychopath
*A small percentage of psychopaths (not sociopaths) choose to be prosocial instead of antisocial. Psychopathy, unlike sociopathy, is a condition a person is born with, in which the parts of the brain concerned with conscience are missing. Psychopaths can cognitively learn the difference between right and wrong, so they can choose to do the right thing (even if the motive for making that choice is always self serving). It’s not second nature to them but they may make that choice if they have learned it benefits them the most. In contrast, sociopathy is an acquired condition associated with malignant narcissism or antisocial personality disorder, and such a person will never choose prosocial behavior and in fact aren’t capable of doing so.
When I started this blog, I remember saying I would never write about politics or religion.
Four years later, I’m writing about both politics and religion. Though not every one of my posts covers these two divisive subjects, a good percentage of them do. Sometimes I remember the promise I made when this blog was new, and feel like a bit of a hypocrite.
But then when I realize how closely our political situation (and religion too, since in America, right wing evangelical Christianity has become VERY political) ties in with narcissistic abuse and sociopathy, which was this blog’s original focus — I realize I made the right decision in tossing aside my original vow to steer clear of religion and politics.
In 2019, narcissistic abuse is no longer a matter that only affects individuals, relationships, and families. It’s the modus operandi of a criminal political organization or perhaps group of criminal political organizations that is affecting everyone under their rule on a nationwide, or even a worldwide, scale. What is happening in the Republican Party — no longer your father’s, brother’s, or even your own conservative, small government, ‘family values’ party, but a treasonous terrorist organization of white supremacists and religiofascists that serves only the wealthy, white, straight, and male — is narcissistic abuse writ large. Like it or not, all of us, to one degree or another, are affected by it.
Those of us who are horrified by what has become of America and the cruel way some vulnerable groups of people are being treated, and terrified by what Trump and his sociopathic regime may do to us next are most likely suffering some form of PTSD. If we already were victims of narcissistic abuse, we are likely suffering a relapse of Complex PTSD (C-PTSD). I know I sure as hell am. Most days I feel like I’m just barely hanging on. It’s hard to think or to function. I feel constant anxiety, and sometimes depression. When I’m not anxious or depressed, I’m in a white hot rage. Peace of mind is a thing of the past, since I never know what fresh hell each new day will bring. I know I’m far from alone.
Living in Trump’s America without being part of his cultish base feels a lot like waiting for your abusive husband to get home and not knowing whether he’ll beat you up again or mercifully just ignore you tonight. It feels like being a scapegoated child in a family of narcissists, who blame you for everything that goes wrong, even though you don’t understand what you did wrong (and probably didn’t do anything). You’re always anxious and on edge, always waiting for the “other shoe to drop.” Narcissists like to keep you off balance, and Trump and his sycophants like to create the sort of chaos and say the kinds of things that keep us all off balance and constantly on edge. What he’s doing isn’t any different than what your narcissistic mother did to you, and it has the same deleterious effect on your mental health.
Since 2016, mental health professionals say their caseloads are increasing, and most new caseloads are people suffering PTSD because of the trauma Trump is causing them. Even if his cruel and hate filled policies don’t affect you or your loved ones directly, the threat of violence, the taking away of benefits and freedoms, and the mocking hatred is always there, like a black heaviness in the room. The toxic rhetoric he and his base use against anyone who doesn’t act, believe and look the way they do never goes away, and it’s getting worse. Now he’s goading his base (through his Twitter account) to actual violence against anyone who dares to criticize him or his policies. I have no doubt he’s trying to rile up the police, the biker gangs, the gun nuts, and others to form a militia against liberals and progressives (and even moderates), truthtellers, and the lovers of democracy. Make no mistake: he’s gathering an army of brownshirts to terrorize, attack, and even kill anyone who isn’t on his side.
My point is that politics and religion in 2019 is very much tied up with narcissistic abuse and sociopathy, and to not address the fact this problem is now happening on a nationwide or even worldwide scale (and perhaps has been for a long time) is to deny that it is happening at all. To not write about current events in light of narcissism and sociopathy would be irresponsible.
My first goal in writing about these issues is to educate and make those who might not have connected this presidency with the problem of narcissistic abuse more aware that it is happening. With awareness and education, people are more equipped to see what is happening, when it’s happening, the various “tricks” they use (gaslighting, lying, blame shifting, demonization of groups, black and white thinking, employing “flying monkeys”, etc.) and take appropriate action or defense measures to guard against it.
Since most of us can’t go “no contact” with Trump (unless we have the means to emigrate to another country), we must stay vigilant and aware of the myriad ways he and his “flying monkeys” abuse us (he abuses his own base too, but they are in denial, like the cult members they are). At the same time, we can’t forget about our families, our friends, and try to enjoy our lives as best we can. The little things in life matter too. We can (and must) take breaks from the news, and focus on more positive things, and try to find joy wherever we can.
Remember that even in the most depressing and darkest of circumstances, it is possible to find joy. Read The Diary of Anne Frank for inspiration and strength. If you believe in God, pray. If you don’t, do positive things for yourself and others. Give (and get) lots of hugs. Volunteer. Adopt an animal. Do good things in your community. Everything you do makes a difference.
Don’t put on horse blinders and pretend what’s happening isn’t, but in the midst of all the black chaos, take time out for joy and friendship. Also remember that Trump is an angry, lost soul who has neither joy or true friends and never will. You are better than that and that’s why he hates us.
The other reason I write about politics and religion is because it’s a way to personally cope with what’s happening. Just as I wrote about my own abuse as a survivor of a narcissistic family and emotionally abusive marriage in order to heal, it’s also necessary for me to write about the ways I feel abused by Trump and his regime in order to keep my sanity. Otherwise I might completely give up hope and put a bullet in my head.
*****
Further reading:
Narcissistic Abuse in Trumpistan
We Need a Lot More Awareness About Narcissism and Sociopathy
Here’s an interesting, informative article from Patheos.com in which the author, Andrew Spitznas, makes an excellent case for Donald Trump being afflicted with Malignant Narcissism — Antisocial Personality Disorder, Narcissistic Personality Disorder, and traits of both Paranoia and Sadism. Donald Trump displays all four elements, and the author gives examples of each.
My only criticism is the author states that malignant narcissism is the same as psychopathy. I disagree. Psychopathy (as opposed to sociopathy, which it’s often confused with) is a congenital condition in which the brain is missing the structures responsible for the development of a conscience and empathy. Thus, a person can be a psychopath even though there was no unusual trauma during childhood. Psychopathy is not a personality disorder, but really a developmental disorder of the brain. Psychopaths are often “bad seeds,” but not all psychopaths are criminals and some can even be trained to be prosocial (even though prosocial behavior will never come naturally to them).
Malignant narcissism is NPD plus ASPD (antisocial personality disorder), with traits of paranoia and sadism, and it is not a congenital condition. Both NPD and ASPD are Cluster B personality disorders that develop due to early childhood trauma or neglect. Children are not born with personality disorders; they are acquired. While malignant narcissists are quite sociopathic and usually lack a conscience (garden variety, non-malignant NPDs are not sociopathic, they usually have a conscience, and even sometimes have limited amounts of empathy), they are not psychopathic. The sociopath’s — or malignant narcissist’s — emotional development was arrested so they never developed empathy or a conscience. There is no evidence that anyone has ever been cured of malignant narcissism, though in rare circumstances, they may become self-aware. Donald Trump is most certainly not self-aware, nor is he likely to ever become so.
While it’s entirely possible Donald Trump may be both a malignant narcissist and a psychopath, they are not the same thing. It’s possible to be one without being the other. I think the confusion arises because the behavior of a psychopath and a malignant narcissist (or a person with antisocial personality disorder/sociopathy) can be so similar.
Mary Anne MacLeod Trump
This is a very interesting article from Politico about Donald Trump’s relationship with his mother and what role she might have played in his personality development. It’s interesting that he always praises his father but almost never talks about his mother, Mary.
Most people who recognize Trump’s narcissism and sociopathy tend to think it was primarily his father who was to blame. Fred Trump was very much like Donald, an emotionally distant and unsupportive taskmaster who instilled his own values of greed and materialism in his sons, and served as a role model for unscrupulous and dishonest behavior. Donald Trump, the second youngest of five children and the middle son of three, felt unnoticed in his large family. Desperate to gain the approval of his demanding father, who ruled his home with an iron fist, Donald essentially became a carbon copy of him.
From left to right: Donald Trump, Fred C. Trump, Jr, Robert Trump, Elizabeth Trump, Maryanne Trump Barry.
While Fred Trump may have contributed to Trump’s character disorders, it was his mother Mary who might have been unwittingly responsible for the development of his NPD (I know he has no official psychiatric diagnosis, but since he fits all 9 traits of NPD, I think it’s pretty safe to assume he has it, in addition to Antisocial Personality Disorder or sociopathy).
When Trump was two years old, Mary gave birth to his younger brother Robert. While the birth of a younger sibling usually doesn’t pose a huge problem for toddlers other than the normal sibling rivalry, the birth almost killed his mother and she was basically unable to care for Donald for two years due to her medical issues.
For a two year old, this is devastating. Two year olds are too young to realize this may not be their mother’s fault and has nothing to do with a sudden withdrawal of love. The child’s sense of self is still forming and the sudden emotional or physical absence of a parent (especially the mother) creates a void in the developing personality. Attachment trauma before the age of 6 or so very often leads to personality disorders. The toddler years, when the child is just learning they are a separate individual from the mother, are especially critical.
For Trump, “middle child syndrome,” combined with a father who was both unempathetic and a questionable role model, and a mother who was suddenly absent when Trump was a toddler, was a perfect storm of events that eventually led to Trump’s dangerous personality. I also think the event that cemented his burgeoning personality disorder into place was his parents sending him away to military academy at the age of 13 — another critical age in psychological and moral development. Being sent away to military academy both confirmed in Trump’s mind that he was too unloveable to be allowed to stay home, and further instilled hyper-masculine values that, combined with his narcissism and sociopathy, would lead to toxic masculinity and the worship of “strongmen” and dictators later on. Almost sixty years later, he’s still trying to please his father and has taken America hostage in doing so.
Donald Trump and his parents in the 1980s.
I find it both ironic and tragic that Trump is allowing Border Patrol and ICE agents to deliberately separate immigrant Hispanic children from their mothers and families. Such egregious cruelty can only be carried out by someone who is lacking both a conscience and empathy. Even if these children are eventually reunited with their parents (which is unlikely), they will almost certainly suffer serious psychological trauma, leading to attachment disorders such as RAD (reactive attachment disorder). RAD very often leads to antisocial, borderline, and narcissistic personalities when these children reach adulthood if there is no psychological intervention. At the very least they will struggle with lifelong C-PTSD and other trauma based disorders, especially if they are being farmed out to human traffickers.
It’s almost as if Trump is taking unconscious revenge on his mother for suddenly “abandoning” him by forcibly causing toddlers at the border to be separated from their mothers.
Here’s a sort of rebuttal/response post to my earlier post from today about the sociopathic Trump administration. This is an interesting post from an interesting blogger who writes a lot about the Cluster B disorders (she’s a self-identified psychopath but I never believed it) and the current political situation.
Please leave comments under the original post.
I have talked about this before, perhaps too many times. But we Cluster Bees are still being demonized so here I go again as well.
My good friend, Lucky Otter just published a new blog post: Sociopaths rule America. We are both against Trump and his ultra-right regime. Why can’t we stick to critiquing his administration on political grounds? There’s plenty to criticize. Republicans have consistently sided with the rich and disregarded the poor. Furthermore, our society is white supremacist. Until Trump took over, most people had the decency to 
try to hide it. The party line was that everyone has a fair chance in our “democratic” society. All it takes is hard work and talent. If Blacks wind up at the bottom of the economic pecking order, that’s just their fault. We need to teach them how to discipline themselves, stay in school, yada yada. Since Trump…
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The above photo, taken at a beer party celebrating “Trumpcare” passing the House last May, drove home to me exactly how cruel and sadistic Trump’s people really are. It hit me like a ton of bricks. They are literally laughing over millions of people losing their healthcare.
Since the very beginning of his term, Trump has surrounded himself with people who seem to lack empathy, conscience, or any sense of morality or scruples. The good people left this administration early on, or were fired. Later, those people who weren’t so good, but who still had some semblance of a conscience or morals lost their jobs or resigned.
By a process of attrition, Trump’s cabinet is now almost 100% sociopathic. Trump doesn’t seem to care if the people who work for him care about We the People or have any sense of right from wrong or duty to the country. In fact, it’s better for Trump if they don’t. All Trump cares about is their loyalty to him. Never do you see a shred of empathy from any of these people. Human suffering doesn’t seem to bother them. In fact, they seem to delight in causing it. They never apologize or admit wrongdoing. In fact, they’re very likely to project their own wrongdoings onto others, smearing and gaslighting innocent people and groups. Their greed, sense of entitlement, arrogance, and selfishness is bottomless. We have grifters like Scott Pruitt, whose outrageous and illegal fleecing of the taxpayers for his own self-benefit and entertainment may rival or even surpass Trump’s own. As if it’s not already bad enough he’s ruining the environment and destroying the EPA from within (which is entirely intentional). And yet he keeps his job. In fact, Pruitt may be the one who gets to fire Bob Mueller should Trump fire Jeff Sessions.
All of the people working for Trump, based on their actions and words, seem to have one of the Cluster B personality disorders, most likely NPD, Antisocial PD (sociopathy), or psychopathy. Many of these people are likely malignant narcissists, like Trump himself. They serve as his flying monkeys and yes-men.
There may be one or two non-disordered people left in the administration, who have severe problems with codependency and therefore have some pathological need to be pleasing to Trump, but I think even most of those people have been fired. People with normal levels of empathy, who don’t feel entitled to cheat and steal, who care about the rule of law, and who have any integrity at all are nonexistent in this administration, and that is scary.
Their one saving grace is it’s fairly easy to identify them.
You can see it in their faces.
One thing I’ve noticed about Trump’s cabinet members, his most fervent sycophants and enablers, his three elder children, and many Republicans who support this president is the deadness in their eyes. Their eyes are cold, hard, and flat. Sometimes they appear black, as if they are lacking irises. When they smile, the smile doesn’t reach their eyes, making the smile appear mocking or threatening, or at the least insincere.
NRA spokesperson Dana Loesch showing those cold, dead, black eyes. Her expression is constantly angry and hate filled. I strongly suspect malignant narcissism. Coupled with those eyes that look like miniature black holes, her overall appearance is extremely intimidating — and that may be the point of using her in their ads.
Jared Kushner has possibly the deadest looking eyes I’ve ever seen on a living person. He literally looks like he’s dead. He sold his soul a long, long time ago. Trump’s three oldest children also have the same dead look, though not as pronounced as Kushner.
A few of these people, rather than having those dead reptilian eyes, have eyes that sparkle with psychopathic glee, and they often wear a smirk, especially when they know their policies are hurting others (I’m looking at you, Paul Ryan).
When is Paul Ryan ever not smirking? Sometimes I think it’s his only facial expression.
Trump himself has eyes that are so scary I really can’t look at them. I can’t even look at his face anymore, because I feel evil emanating from the image itself. I feel like something in my soul is being eaten every time I have to look at him. Malignant narcissists like Trump get worse over time, especially if they are given access to a great deal of power and influence. Narcissistic supply is like a drug that increases the malignant narcissist’s need for even more adulation and worship. As they try to consolidate even more power, their malevolence increases, and this can be chillingly seen in Trump’s facial expressions over time. He never laughs. When he smiles, which is rare, his smile is fake and never reaches his eyes. Most of his recent photos are like this one, showing a combination of malevolence and childish petulance. Others show him looking as enraged as a rabid dog, especially the ones taken at his hate-rallies.
Trump’s default expression (besides abject rage) is childish petulance mixed with malevolence and festering hate.
Jack Brown, MD, is a physician who is an expert in reading body language and facial expressions. He said there is a particular expression that sociopaths and malignant narcissists use much more frequently than normal people: what he calls the Elevated Central Forehead Contraction with a Partial (Insincere) Mouth Smile. It’s a closed mouth, fake smile with the eyebrows drawn together as if the person is frowning. It’s similar to a smirk, but not quite. The overall effect is mocking condescension and cruel contempt. Brown says this expression is used often by serial killers, mass murderers, hardened criminals, and by everyday bullies and other people who lack empathy.
Here’s a very obvious example of this expression on hedge fund manager and convicted felon Martin Shkreli (the guy who became infamous for jacking up drug prices to ridiculous rates, making them unaffordable for most people). He used it continuously while on trial during questioning.
Martin Shkreli on trial, displaying Dr. Brown’s Elevated Central Forehead Contraction with Partial Mouth Smile, a dead giveaway of a disordered personality.
Here is the same expression, on Trump (who seems to use it quite frequently):
Brown says the ECFCWPMS is a default expression for Vladimir Putin (it’s a lot more subtle on him but is ever-present). Putin appears to be a pure psychopath, rather than a malignant narcissist (which is why Trump looks up to him and tries to curry his favor). Pure psychopaths are “stronger” than “mere” narcissists, who have that pesky neediness and emotional vulnerability that bring them so much shame.
Stephen Miller (below) combines a cruel smirk with the reptilian dead eyes. I think of him as the Joseph Goebbels of the Trump administration. Trump naturally adores this guy and will probably never fire him.
Identifying human predators.
If you are face to face with a sociopathic personality, you may feel as if their eyes are boring into your soul. This is because they are human predators — they are sizing you up as potential prey and victims. On a date or with a new person, you may feel as if the predatory stare indicates sexual or romantic interest. Failing to make the distinction between the predatory stare and sexual/romantic interest leads many a woman (and man) into dangerous and abusive relationships with people who live only to use other people because they don’t see them as fully human.
Beauty tip: Constant lying may ruin your appearance!
Another thing I’ve noticed is several of the women in the Trump administration, especially those whose job requires them to lie constantly to the public, attain a facial asymmetry that gets worse over time. It also seems to age them faster than normal. I don’t know if there’s anything scientific behind this phenomenon, but I have come to believe that constant lying will do this to your facial features. If you want to retain your physical beauty, then, tell the truth! Lying is, apparently, bad for both your soul and your physical appearance!
Huckabee Sanders looks like this whenever she’s lying. Her eyes literally focus in two different directions and is very unsettling. She’s only 35 years old but looks like she’s in her 50’s. She has aged visibly since she took this post.
Can you trust a face that looks like this? Constant lying has apparently done this to Kellyanne Conway’s face. She used to be a fairly attractive woman until she took her job in the Trump administration.
The other day I read an article that said there is a new bill the GOP is trying to pass that will require a photo of Trump (and Pence) to be hung in every Post Office. That’s something dictators do, not leaders of democracies. Isn’t it bad enough we are daily inundated with sound bites and constant images of this president? We can’t get away from him. No other president has dominated the media, our conversations, our thoughts, and our very lives the way he has done.
What’s next — requiring that every American household hang a photo of Dear Leader in a conspicuous place, like they do in North Korea?
The old saying about “birds of a feather” are true. Sociopaths and malignant narcissists like Trump attract other sociopaths and malignant narcissists, and they seek them out. That’s because they know anyone with a conscience or empathy for others will refuse to work for them. That’s where we’re at now. We’re a country run by sociopaths.
For the sake of our own souls, our nation, and the world, learn to identify them.
Lucky Otters Haven 